COLOMBIA
- Official name: Republic of Colombia (República de Colombia; CO)
- Land area: 401,042 sq mi (1,038,699 sq km)
- Total area: 439,736 sq mi (1,138,910 sq km)
- Capital: Bogotá, 10.574 million (2018)
- Other large cities: Medellin 3.934 million; Cali 2.726 million; Barranquilla 2.218 million; Bucaramanga 1.295 million; Cartagena 1.047 million; Cucuta 913,000 (2018)
- Currency: Colombian Peso
- Telephone code: 57
- Electricity: 110V, 60Hz; plugs/sockets Type A and B
- National Holiday: Independence Day (July 20)
- Population: 47,698,524 (2017 est.)
- Population Change: Growth rate: 0.99%; 16.1 births/1,000 population, 5.5 deaths/1,000 population, -0.6 migrant(s)/1,000 population; infant mortality rate: 13.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2017 est.)
- Life Expectancy: 75.9 years (2017 est.)
- Nationality/Demonym: Colombian (Colombiano/a)
- Languages: Spanish (official) 99.2%
- Ethnicity/race: mestizo and white 84.2%, Afro-Colombian (includes mulatto, Raizal, and Palenquero) 10.4%, Amerindian 3.4%, Romani <.01, unspecified 2.1% (2005 Census est.)
- Religions: Roman Catholic 79%, Protestant 14% (includes Pentecostal 6%, mainline Protestant 2%, other 6%), other 2%, unspecified 5% (2014 est.)
- Literacy rate: 94.2% (2015 est.)
- Geography: Colombia is bordered on the northwest by Panama, on the east by Venezuela and Brazil, and on the southwest by Peru and Ecuador. Through the western half of the country, three Andean ranges run north and south. The eastern half is a low, jungle-covered plain, drained by spurs of the Amazon and Orinoco Rivers, inhabited mostly by isolated tropical-forest Indian tribes. The fertile plateau and valley of the eastern range are the most densely populated parts of the country.Colombia shares borders with five neighboring countries. In order of shared border length, these are: Venezuela (2,050km), Brazil (1,643 km), Peru (1,496 km), Ecuador (590 km), and Panama (225 km).